Taliban cancels education for girls beyond sixth grade, despite its pledge not to
KABUL, Afghanistan — Afghanistan’s Taliban rulers unexpectedly decided against reopening schools Wednesday to girls above sixth grade, reneging on a promise and opting to appease their hard-line base at the expense of further alienating the international community.
The decision, confirmed by a Taliban official, is bound to disrupt the Taliban’s efforts to win recognition from potential international donors at a time when the country is mired in a worsening humanitarian crisis.
The international community has been urging Taliban leaders to reopen schools and give women their right to public space.
The reversal was so sudden that the Education Ministry was caught off guard Wednesday, the start of the school year, as were schools in parts of the Afghan capital, Kabul, and elsewhere in the country. Some girls in higher grades returned to schools, only to be told to go home.
Aid organizations said the move exacerbated the uncertainty surrounding Afghanistan’s future as the Taliban leadership seems to struggle to get on the same page as it shifts from fighting to governing.
It also came as the leadership was convening in Kandahar amid reports of a possible Cabinet shuffle.
U.S. special representative Thomas West tweeted his “shock and deep disappointment†about the decision, calling it “a betrayal of public commitments to the Afghan people and the international community.â€
He said the Taliban had made it clear that all Afghans have a right to education, adding, “For the sake of the country’s future and its relations with the international community, I would urge the Taliban to live up to their commitments to their people.â€
Afghan women faced an uncertain future this week as U.S. forces withdrew and the Taliban consolidated control.
The Norwegian Refugee Council, which spends about $20 million annually to support primary education in Afghanistan, was still waiting for official word from the Taliban about canceling the classes for girls above the sixth grade. The NRC also provides emergency shelter, food and legal services.
Berenice Van Den Driessche, advocacy manager for the council, said that its representatives had not gotten official word of the change as of Wednesday night, and that girls in the 11 provinces where they work had gone to school but were sent home.
The committee’s staff in the provinces “reported a lot of disappointment and also a lot of uncertainty†about the future, she said. They said that in some areas, teachers said they would continue to hold classes for the girls until the Taliban issued an official order.
Waheedullah Hashmi, external relations and donor representative with the Taliban-led administration, told the Associated Press the decision was made late Tuesday night.
“We don’t say they will be closed forever,†Hashmi said.
United Nations special representative Deborah Lyons will try to meet Thursday with the Taliban to ask it to reverse its decision, U.N. spokesperson Stephane Dujarric said.
Earlier, a statement by the Education Ministry had urged “all students†to return when classes resumed Wednesday.
On Tuesday, ministry spokesman Mawlvi Aziz Ahmad Rayan had told the AP that all girls would be allowed back to school, although the Taliban administration would not insist on it in those areas where parents were opposed or where schools could not be segregated.
He was reluctant to give details but promised if schools can meet these conditions, “there would [be] no issue for them†to begin classes for girls in the higher grades.
“In principle, there is no issue from the ministry side, but as I said, it is a sensitive and cultural issue,†he said.
The decision to postpone a return of girls going to school in higher grade levels appeared to be a concession to the rural and deeply tribal backbone of the hard-line Taliban movement, which in many parts of the countryside is reluctant to send daughters to school.
The decision also came as the movement’s leadership has been summoned to southern Kandahar by reclusive Taliban leader Haibatullah Akhundzada amid reports of a Cabinet shakeup, according to an Afghan leader who is also a member of the leadership council. He spoke on condition of anonymity because he was not authorized to speak to the media.
He said it was possible some of the senior interim Cabinet positions could be changed.
Since the Taliban swept to power in August, there have been persistent reports of differences among the senior leadership. According to these reports, more hard-line members are at odds with pragmatists, who want to see a greater engagement with the world. While adhering to their Islamic beliefs, they want to be less harsh than when the Taliban last ruled Afghanistan, banning women from work and girls from schools, the reports say.
Television is allowed in Afghanistan today, unlike in the past, and women are not required to wear the all-encompassing burqa but must at least wear the traditional hijab, covering their heads. Women have also returned to work in the Health and Education Ministry and at Kabul’s international airport at passport control and customs.
The Taliban was ousted in 2001 by a U.S.-led coalition for harboring Al Qaeda leader Osama bin Laden and returned to power after the United States’ chaotic departure in August.
A woman displaced by war and drought in Afghanistan is fighting to save her 10-year-old daughter.
“We did everything the Taliban asked in terms of Islamic dress, and they promised that girls could go to school and now they have broken their promise,†said Mariam Naheebi, a journalist who spoke to the AP in Kabul.
Girls have already been banned from school beyond sixth grade in most of the country since the Taliban’s return. Universities opened this year in much of the country, but since taking power the Taliban edicts have been erratic. While a handful of provinces continued to provide education to all, most provinces closed educational institutions for girls and women.
In Kabul, private schools and universities have operated uninterrupted.
The highly religious Taliban administration fears that going ahead with enrolling girls in school beyond sixth grade could alienate its rural base, said Hashmi.
“The leadership hasn’t decided when or how they will allow girls to return to school,†Hashmi said.
While he accepted that urban centers are mostly supportive of girls’ education, much of rural Afghanistan is opposed, particularly in tribal Pashtun regions.
In some rural areas, a brother will disown a city-dwelling brother who allows a daughter to go to school, said Hashmi, adding that the Taliban leadership is trying to decide how to open education for girls beyond the sixth grade nationwide.
Most Taliban members are ethnic Pashtuns. In the Taliban sweep through the country last year, other ethnic groups such as Uzbeks and Tajiks in northern Afghanistan either joined the fight or simply did not oppose it.
“They have not been honest with us,†added Naheebi, who has demonstrated for women’s rights.
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